Phosphorus

What is Phosphorus?

Phosphorus (measured as inorganic phosphate) is the second most abundant mineral in the body after calcium. About 85% is in bones and teeth (as hydroxyapatite with calcium), 14% in soft tissues, and 1% in blood. Phosphorus is essential for energy metabolism (ATP), DNA/RNA, cell membranes (phospholipids), and acid-base buffering.

What might a high or low Phosphorus mean?

Low phosphorus (hypophosphatemia) can be associated with muscle weakness and bone pain, and in severe cases more serious effects. High phosphorus (hyperphosphatemia), particularly in chronic kidney disease, is associated with vascular calcification and higher cardiovascular risk. The calcium–phosphorus balance is important for bone health.

What is the typical reference range for Phosphorus?

The general-population reference range shown here is 0.81 – 1.45 mmol/L. Reference ranges describe the general population and are not a personal target — discuss your results with your physician.

What can affect Phosphorus?

It may be higher with: Chronic kidney disease (reduced excretion — most common cause), Hypoparathyroidism, Vitamin D excess, Tumor lysis syndrome, Rhabdomyolysis, Phosphate-containing laxatives. It may be lower with: Refeeding syndrome (most dangerous cause), Hyperparathyroidism (PTH increases renal excretion), Vitamin D deficiency, Antacids containing aluminum/magnesium, Diabetic ketoacidosis (treatment phase), Alcoholism, Respiratory alkalosis.