Lipoprotein(a)

What is Lipoprotein(a)?

Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), is a genetically determined lipoprotein particle consisting of an LDL-like core with an additional apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] attached. The apo(a) component is structurally similar to plasminogen, giving Lp(a) both atherogenic and prothrombotic properties. Lp(a) levels are approximately 90% determined by genetics.

What might a high or low Lipoprotein(a) mean?

Elevated Lp(a) is associated with cardiovascular disease, aortic valve narrowing, and venous clots, independent of other lipids. Because levels are largely genetically determined and stable through life, a single measurement is usually informative. High Lp(a) alongside elevated LDL is associated with greater combined risk.

What is the typical reference range for Lipoprotein(a)?

The general-population reference range shown here is < 50 mg/dL. Reference ranges describe the general population and are not a personal target — discuss your results with your physician.

What can affect Lipoprotein(a)?

It may be higher with: Genetics (primary determinant — 90%+), Kidney disease (nephrotic syndrome), Hypothyroidism, Menopause, Acute inflammation (transient). It may be lower with: PCSK9 inhibitors (20-30% reduction), Niacin (20-30% reduction), Antisense oligonucleotides (investigational), Estrogen replacement, Lipoprotein apheresis (severe cases).